In the spring of 2022, former President Barack Obama gave a major policy addressat Stanford University's Cyber Policy Center, where he laid out a sweeping proposal for government censorship of social media platforms through the Platform Accountability and Transparency Act. Six days later, President Joe Biden's Department of Homeland Security announced that it had created a "Disinformation Governance Board" to serve as an Orwellian Ministry of Truth with the clear goal of controlling the information Americans could access online. At the heart of Obama's vision for Internet censorship was legislation that would have authorized the US government's National Science Foundation to authorize and fund supposedly independent NGOs to censor the Internet. The DHS and Stanford Internet Observatory, which was part of the Stanford Cyber Policy Center, pioneered this censorship-by-proxy strategy as a way to get around the First Amendment in 2020 with posts raising concerns about covid.