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... The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is fighting to unmask the owner of Facebook and Instagram accounts of a community watch group monitoring Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) activity in Pennsylvania.

Defending the right to post about ICE sightings anonymously is a Meta account holder for MontCo Community Watch, John Doe.

Doe has alleged that when the DHS sent a "summons" to Meta asking for subscriber information, it infringed on core First Amendment-protected activity, i.e., the right to publish content critical of government agencies and officials without fear of government retaliation. He also accused DHS of ignoring federal rules and seeking to vastly expand its authority to subpoena information to unmask ICE's biggest critics online.

"I believe that my anonymity is the only thing standing between me and unfair and unjust persecution by the government of the United States," Doe said in his complaint.

In response, DHS alleged that the community watch group that posted "pictures and videos of agents' faces, license plates, and weapons, among other things," was akin to "threatening ICE agents to impede the performance of their duties." Claiming that the subpoena had nothing to do with silencing government critics, they argued that a statute regulating imports and exports empowered DHS to investigate the group's alleged threats to "assault, kidnap, or murder" ICE agents.

DHS claims that Meta must comply with the subpoena because the government needs to investigate a "serious" threat "to the safety of its agents and the performance of their duties." ...