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... Buchanan told the committee AI is moving faster than the government can adapt, and much of the most relevant data now sits with private companies instead of Washington.

The committee points to China as proof the threat is already here. FBI Director Kash Patel says Chinese hacking campaigns known as Salt Typhoon and Volt Typhoon have already penetrated U.S. water, energy and electrical grid systems, as well as telecommunications infrastructure. Patel calls for a "whole-of-government approach" to lock down the country's critical systems.

China ranks as the report's top counterintelligence threat. The FBI opens a new counterintelligence case ties to China about every 10 to 12 hours, according to testimony cited in the report, leaving the bureau "thousands of cases in arrears" with no hope of catching up.

The report also credits post 9/11 reforms like the creation of the Director of National Intelligence and the National Counterterrorism Center with real progress over the last 25 years.

Information-sharing failures from 2001 still unresolved

Still, the committee found some of the same information-sharing gaps blamed for the 2001 attacks persist today, especially between federal agencies and state and local partners. The report calls that persistence cause for "major alarms." ...